GLP-1 receptor agonist vs. dual agonist

GLP-1 receptor agonists (like semaglutide or liraglutide) act on a single hormone pathway, while dual agonists (like tirzepatide) act on both the GLP-1 and GIP pathways together. Clinical trials have generally shown dual agonists produce greater average weight loss than single-pathway GLP-1 drugs, though individual response varies, and both classes share similar side effect profiles (primarily gastrointestinal).